摘要:国内通用航空产业近年来呈蓬勃发展趋势，这个过程中通用航空事故也会随之增加。由于客观上通用航空事故的复杂性，事故产品责任标准的选择将使得通用航空生产商与消费者对责任的承担存在差异；进而因责任划分不同影响到通用航空技术创新，以至于产业的发展。本文首先通过 理论分析不同责任标准对制造商和消费者之间的责任和利益产生的差异性选择，接着采用 断点回归模型实证分析美国严格产品责任制度和《通用航空振兴法》实施对美国通用航空产业的影响，研究结果表明严格的产品责任制度制约产业的发展，并最终会影响到通用航空产业自身的技术创新，以及通用航空产业的发展；同时也证明《通用航空振兴法》对美国通用航空产业的复兴作用有限。在最后的结论部分给出借鉴美国通用航空产业发展经验，避免造成较高的制度成本的做法等相关政策建议。

关键词：通用航空；产品责任；技术创新；产业发展

中图分类号：F43/47 文献标识码：A

Abstract: The domestic general aviation industry has shown a vigorous development trend in recent years, and general aviation accidents will also increase in this process. Due to the objective complexity of general aviation accidents, the choice of accident product liability standards will make general aviation manufacturers and consumers take different responsibilities; furthermore, due to the different division of responsibilities, it will affect the general aviation technology innovation, as well as the development of the industry. This paper first analyzes the different choices of responsibility and interests between manufacturers and consumers through theoretical analysis, and then uses the breakpoint regression model to empirically analyze the impact of the U.S. strict product liability system and the implementation of the General Aviation Revitalization Act on the U.S. general aviation industry. The impact of the aviation industry, the research results show that the strict product liability system restricts the development of the industry, and will ultimately affect the technological innovation of the general aviation industry itself, as well as the development of the general aviation industry; The revival of the aviation industry is limited. In the final conclusion part, relevant policy suggestions are given, such as learning from the development experience of the general aviation industry in the United States and avoiding the practice of causing higher institutional costs.

Key words: general aviation; product responsibility; technological innovation; industrial development